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Answer According to The Bible, Rehoboam succeeded his father, Solomon, as king of a great united empire, but was not a good leader. He continue his father's unwise policy of swingeing taxes and then arrogantly increased them when the Israelites complained. In a very short time, the Israelites rebelled and he lost an empire, the United Monarchy of Israel. On this view, the split occurred around 921 BCE.

(1Kings 12:2-15; 2Chronicles 10:3-15; 13:6, 7)

However, it is reported that a majority of scholars believe that there never was a United Monarchy of Israel. They say that Israel and Judah were always separate, with their own customs and even different dialects of the Hebrew language. Arguably, the biblical authors created a United Israel in order to instil national unity and national pride, in a time of great difficulty for Judah, and they needed an explanation as to why this great empire ceased to exist. Rehoboam and his lack of proper leadership were the convenient explanation.

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