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peninsulares
The criollos, or Spanish-descended people.
Spanish colonial administration tended to be more centralized and authoritarian, with a focus on converting indigenous peoples to Christianity and exploiting resources for the benefit of the Crown. Portuguese colonial administration, on the other hand, was more decentralized and focused on trade and establishing economic partnerships with local elites through the use of encomienda systems. Portuguese colonies also tended to have more mixed-race populations due to greater intermarriage between settlers and indigenous peoples.
"Administration", in Spanish, is "administración".
Under the Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, the old Superior Council was replaced by the Consejo de Indias (Council of the Indies) in 1524. This organization was established to oversee the administration of Spanish colonies in the Americas and the Philippines, centralizing governance and legal matters. The Consejo played a crucial role in implementing Spanish policies and managing colonial affairs until the latter part of the colonial period.
arquitectura colonial
At the top of Spanish colonial society were the
The gobernadorcillo was a local government official in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period, primarily overseeing a town or municipality. Their responsibilities included maintaining order, collecting taxes, and implementing local policies under the guidance of Spanish authorities. They acted as intermediaries between the colonial government and the local populace, often addressing community issues and representing local interests. The position was significant in the governance structure, facilitating Spanish colonial administration at the grassroots level.
The first capital of Spain's empire in the Americas was Santo Domingo, located in present-day Dominican Republic. It was founded in 1496 and served as the base for Spanish colonial administration and exploration in the New World.
The Spanish-born individuals who served in government positions in the Spanish colonies were known as "peninsulares." They held significant power and privilege within the colonial administration, often occupying high-ranking positions such as viceroys, governors, and other officials. This elite class was distinct from the local-born population, known as "criollos," who were of Spanish descent but born in the colonies. The peninsulares played a crucial role in maintaining Spanish authority and control over colonial territories.
At the top of Spanish colonial society were the