You can get a ferry from several Turkish coasts to Girne (Kyrenia):) Tasucu is one of the closest part to Cyprus and they have ferry's often. Or Alanya during the Summer time. You wont have a problem going to Cyprus from Turkey as Turkish people go there more often then before, since the gambling in Turkey became illegal.
Passenger Ferries have not operated between Greece and Cyprus for over ten years.
Turkey invaded illegally Cyprus
There used to be ferries from Greece to Cyprus, but they have generally been discontinued. The best way to get from Greece to Cyprus is by plane flight.
The Cyprus Island is located in the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea which Turkey has borders with. So, Cyprus is much closer to Turkey than it is to Greece.
Yes it is possible to see Cyprus from Turkey (or vice versa) if it is a clear sky.
Cyprus is an island 250-300 miles west (and a little south) of Turkey.
I wouldn't think Cyprus are allies with the US considering the US are allies with Turkey and Turkey with the blessing of the US invaded Cyprus.
The island of Cyprus is south of Turkey and west of Syria.
Not with regular ferries. The journey is physically possible by sea only.
Yes. But you will have to examine the schedules very closely. They are becoming rarer and rarer. You will probably have the best luck if you depart from Larnaca, Cyprus.
There is no capital as it is not a country. It is an area of the Republic of Cyprus occupied by Turkey since 1974. No other country than Turkey recognises that part as an independent country.
It takes about an hour, depending where you're going in Turkey.