for me i got caught with about 15 grams wich is a little over a half ounce the cop took it then after all my court i got 3 to 6 months of consent calender wich was lucky most people get probation. this was my first offence. consent calender is like probation but it does not show up on my record if caught in school is much worse you will get what ever the school feels is right for punishment and then what the court thinks is right. if you are driving you may loose your licence and get a owi (operating while intoxicated) i got caught selling weed on school grounds and i got probation (when they caught me i had possession) and i got expelled from that school for 2 semesters. but if a cop just catches you with weed outside of school and its your first offense you will get a ticket. (this is in California i don't know about other state laws)
okay as far as what rights are you wanting to know? Minors have different rights you should be more detailed about what you would like to know.