When one country dominates the political, economic, and social life of another, it is referred to as "Imperialism." This often involves the extension of a nation's power and influence through colonization, military force, or other means. Imperialism can lead to significant changes in the affected country's governance, economy, and culture, often prioritizing the interests of the dominant nation.
slavery
statists is a political ideology which support economic safety net in a country.
Depending on the circumstances I can think of two names. First, puppet-states, implying that they appear to be autonomous but are subservient to a foreign government. The second is satellite states, because they are closely alligned with a more powerful nation in matters of trade, defense and political goals.
Morocco
Great Britain
a colony
At least two countries have separate political and economic capitals: for the United States it would be Washington and New York City respectively; for Italy it would be Rome and Milan. In at least one country, one city is both the political and economic capital: in the United Kingdom that would, of course, be London.
Poland
Someone who leaves a country to live elsewhere in order to achieve their economic desires (as opposed to for non-economic reasons, such as political persecution).
dictatorship
political an economic power
political an economic power