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In hieroglyphs: 𓇋𓏏𓆑𓀀 (Gardiner's code: M17-X1-I9-A1)

Transliterated as: jt (consonants only)

Meaning and Translation:

  1. father

  2. an ancestor

Pronunciation with reconstructed vowels in several stages of Ancient Egyptian (using IPA):

/ˈjaːtij/ (singular), /ˈjatjaw/ (plural) - Old Egyptian (c. 2500 B.C.E.)

/ˈjaːtij/ (singular), /ˈjatjaw/ (plural) - Middle Egyptian (c. 1700 B.C.E.)

/ˈjaːtəʔ/ (singular), /ˈjaʔtəʔ/ (plural) - Medio-Late Egyptian (c. 1350 B.C.E.)

/joːt/ (singular), /ˈjaʔt(ə)/ (plural) - Late Egyptian (c. 800 B.C.E.)

Coptic and its dialects (from 325 B.C.E. to now):

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲱⲧ (eiōt)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲱⲧ (iōt)

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