1. In 1948 Syria joined other countries in a military effort to prevent the Israeli conquest of the country of Palestine. After the alliance was defeated the country of Israel was declared. Before 1948 there was nothing called Israel.
2. In 1967 The Israeli army initiated a massive attack on Syrian, Palestinian and Egyptian lands adjacent to the founded Israeli nation cutting off pieces of these countries and adding it to Israel including the Syrian 'Jolan' Heights.
3. The last military encounter was in 1973. The Syrian army along with the Egyptian army launched an attack in an effort to regain the lands that where occupied by Israel in 1967.
parts of the occupied Syrian land was returned including 'Qunaitirah' in the 'Jolan' Heights and international forces were deployed in the area.
The Golan Heights is the area that appears to be disputed by Israel and Syria. Israel captured most of the Golan Heights from Syria during the Six-Day War in 1967 and later effectively annexed it in 1981, a move that is not internationally recognized. Both countries have not been able to reach a peace agreement on the status of the region.
No, Israel is not part of Syria; it is an independent country established in 1948. However, there are disputed territories, such as the Golan Heights, which Israel captured from Syria during the 1967 Six-Day War and later annexed. This annexation has not been recognized by most of the international community, and Syria still claims the Golan Heights as part of its territory.
It is uncertain where he was born. When he became an apostle he was living in Capharnaum in Galilee. Eusebius writes that he may have originally been from Syria.
The countries that share international boundaries with Israel are Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and Egypt.
The Golan Heights. Syria wants it because it was part of Syria from the UN partition in 1948 until Israel took control of it in the 6-day war in 1967. Israel wants to hold onto control of it because when Syria controls it, the Syrians have this nasty habit of lobbing heavy artillery from the Golan down onto the farms, kibbutzim, and towns in the valley which the Heights overlook. Realizing that somebody could potentially get hurt like that, Israel has been holding onto the region until some kind of treaty or other agreement can somehow bring some degree of safety for its citizens in the neighborhood. At that point, who knows ? The Golan could conceivably be on the table, just as the whole Sinai Peninsula ... many times the territory of the Golan ... was returned to Egypt after Egypt and Israel joined in a peace treaty.
Palestine, Southwest Levant, Canaan, Judea, Idumea, Syria-Palaestina
The modern country of Israel was formed in 1948 within the borders of what had been the historic region of Palestine. The term had existed for two thousand years, ever since the Romans named it Syria-Palaestina as punishment for the Jewish Revolts.
There have been numerous wars that have been fought in whole or in part in the territory now controlled by the Jewish State of Israel. These wars have been fought in numerous different places across the State. You may need to be more specific as to which war you are talking about.
Israel
NO. Syria and Israel had been negotiating prior to the Arab Spring of 2011 to have a peace treaty. The particular thorn in the negotiations was not really the Golan Heights, as Israel was willing to concede that, but the 5 square kilometer area that was part of the British Mandate of Palestine in 1947 and was Syrian-Occupied in 1949. This small piece of land gave Syria direct access to the Sea of Galilee, something Israel wants to prevent Syria from accessing.
They all share the Jordan River. However, the Syrian access to the Jordan River has been cut off by the Israeli Acquisition of the Eastern Bank of the Sea of Galilee in 1967.
Syria and Israel are not fighting for territory, and at the present time (May 2011), are not fighting at all. (The Syrian government has other, internal, things to worry about right now.) The last direct conflict between Israel and Syria took place in 1973, and the last time any territory passed from one to the other was in 1967. Israeli forces captured the Golan Heights from Syria in 1967. That area was of interest to Israel because it had become such a popular spot from which to launch rockets and artillery upon Israeli farms in the valley below. That kind of behavior has been drastically reduced since Syria was denied access to the Golan in 1967. During the Yom Kippur War in 1973, Israeli forces penetrated to within 40 km of Damascus (that's the capital of Syria), but took no additional territory. Syria has been content with supplying and supporting its surrogates in Lebanon since then, and neither Israel nor Syria has conducted any operations across their mutual border since 1973.