Your answer depends on what is being measured. Scientists and those who work there temporarily in support of science have access to the latest technologies that can operate in this extreme environment.
their tools and observations.
Scientist use the same tools because, so their measurements will be the same.
Depending on where the scientist is studying, the scientist may shelter in a research station, or in a tent if the scientist is working in the field.
hydrophone
Binoculars
poo h
Because they look for barley unseen life and use it for later study.
what tools arte generally used for rocket science
The tools that a scientist would use to conduct an experiment would vary greatly on the nature of the experiment.
a seismograph
a telescope.
The scientist would be transported to Antarctica courtesy of the government that granted the scientist a grant to study water. Logistics could be by military airplane or by military or scientific ship.