The former capital of Turkestan is the city of Turkestan itself, which has historical significance as a center of Islamic culture and education in Central Asia. It is home to the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Historically, Turkestan served as a key crossroads for trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Road. Its importance has diminished over time, with cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan (Astana) taking on more prominent roles in Kazakhstan.
The question as phrased makes no sense. Turkestan as a united entity did not exist, so there cannot be "former republics." Perhaps the question was a mash-up of the question: "What are the 5 former republics of the Soviet Union that form Turkestan?" for which the answer would be: Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.
A historical region of west-central Asia extending east from the Caspian Sea into western China and south from the Aral Sea into Afghanistan. It has long been a crossroads for trade and conquest between East and West. click here for more info http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan
The present capital of Pakistan is Islamabad and its former capital was "Karachi".
Constantinopole was the former capital of the Byzantine Empire.
The population of Turkestan - city - is 85,600.
Edo is the former name for Tokyo, present capital of Japan
Communist Party of Turkestan ended in 1924.
Communist Party of Turkestan was created in 1918.
Bata was the former capital of Equatorial Guinea.
Dacca was the provincial and legislative capital of the former East Pakistan region.
The Turkestan Desert is a Cold desert located in the Middle-east, Asia.
First East Turkestan Republic was created in 1933.