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During the 1930s, particularly during the Great Depression, the U.S. government implemented various measures to pressure Mexican immigrants to return to Mexico. Initiatives included the repatriation program, which aimed to deport individuals deemed "unemployed" or "unwanted," resulting in the forced return of hundreds of thousands of Mexican nationals and Mexican Americans. Local and state authorities, often collaborating with federal agents, conducted raids and targeted communities, using intimidation tactics to encourage voluntary repatriation. This effort was fueled by economic hardship and a growing anti-immigrant sentiment prevalent at the time.

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