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In South America, particularly during the pre-Columbian and colonial periods, gold and silver were primarily used for currency, jewelry, and ceremonial objects. Indigenous cultures, such as the Inca, revered gold as a symbol of the sun and used it in religious artifacts, while silver was often associated with the moon. After European colonization, these precious metals became significant in trade and were mined extensively, leading to their exportation to Europe, which fueled economic growth and the infamous wealth extraction from the continent.

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