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Jerusalem is sacred to Jews, Christians and Muslims. They all believe it to be a Holy city. However, as this question asked about Judaism and Islam, only those answers are here.

Jerusalem's Importance for Jews:

Answer 1

Judaism is the oldest monotheistic religion and Jerusalem has been its only holy site for 3000 years, ever since King Solomon built the original Jewish temple there. The temple was destroyed by invading Babylonians and rebuilt at the same site (known as the Temple Mount) about 2500 years ago. It was then destroyed again when the Romans conquered Judea about 2000 yrs ago, killing a million Jews, expelling another million and enslaving the remaining million. All Jews who value their heritage feel ties to the holy land, where so many of their people struggled for the freedom to practice Judaism.

Answer 2

It is the only place the temple (that was destroyed in 70 CE) could be rebuilt. It must be rebuilt exactly where it was. This location, known as the Temple Mount is considered by the Arab world as occupied territory whereas the Israelis consider it liberated or reclaimed. (It was a spoil of war)

Answer 3

Jerusalem has been sacred to the Jews since King David proclaimed it his capital in the 10th century BCE. Although not mentioned in the Torah /Pentateuch, it is mentioned in The Bible 632 times.

Jerusalem's Importance for Muslims:

Answer 1

Islam; per Qur'an revelation by God to prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel; was started about 1400 years ago by Mohammed. However, Jerusalem is important to Muslims for two reasons:

  1. Islam in its universal meaning of full submission to God is the call of all prophets since Adam through Noah, Abraham; Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Moses, David, Solomon,..., Jesus, and Mohammad (Peace be upon them). Many of those prophet who called for Islam (Submission to God) were raised up and started in Jerusalem vicinity.
  2. Prophet Muhammad in the miracle of "Israa and Miiraj" ascended to the Heaven from Jerusalem (where there is the Mosque of "Masjid Al-Aqsa" or Al Aqsa mosque). Accordingly, It is the third holiest site to Muslims. The other two sites are Mecca (or Makkah) and Medina. Jews believe that "Al Aqsa mosque" had been built on the Jewish temple ruins. Jerusalem is of course important to Christians, too.

Answer 2

For Muslims, there is the Dome of Rock, where Mohammed (PBUH), their prophet, made a nighttime journey to the heavens. It is the site where Muslims believe their prophet ascended into Heaven.

Also there is Masjid Al Aqsa, the Qibla where Muslims used to pray to before they had the order to pray to Kaaba.

Moreover, it is the place where most of the prophets existed and it is inhabited by Arabs long time ago, since the years of Prophet Moses.

It is where Muhammad (PBUH) rose to Paradise.

Answer 3

Muslims: Followers of Islam believe that their prophet, Muhammad, traveled to Jerusalem, where he was taken up bodily into heaven. He ascended into heaven for one night in order to meet with previous prophets and attain the greatest amount of revelation. Islam also recognizes King David as an Islamic Prophet and his building of the city enhances its sacredness.

Answer 4

For the Muslims: The city's lasting place in Islam, however, is primarily due to Muhammad's Night of Ascension (c. CE 620). Muslims believe Muhammad was miraculously transported one night from Mecca to the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, whereupon he ascended to Heaven to meet previous prophets of Islam.

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