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Many of today's ethnic conflicts in Africa can be traced back to colonialism, which often involved arbitrary borders that grouped diverse ethnic groups together or split cohesive communities apart. Colonial powers frequently exploited ethnic divisions to establish control, fostering rivalries that persist post-independence. Additionally, the imposition of foreign governance systems disrupted traditional power structures and social cohesion, leading to ongoing tensions and struggles for power among ethnic groups. This colonial legacy has left deep-rooted issues that continue to fuel violence and instability in many regions.

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