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Between mid to late fifteenth century, Europeans developed maritime skills and equipment that enabled them to travel distances they had previously been unable to do. Upon setting foot in the Americas, European diseases began to devastate the native populations, because they had no immunity. This is known as the 'Columbian Exchange.' The natives taught the Europeans skills to survive in the Americas, and colonies began to appear. Depending on the country, there were several reasons and methods of colonization. Spain, mainly sought to extract minerals and send them back to Europe. France excelled in trade with the native people. The British specialized in getting rid of the natives, and transplanting their own people in settlements.

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