Yes, if you are traveling by plane, train, or boat. No if you are traveling by road
No, a Chilean citizen does need a visa to travel to the UK. You can check by yourself by going to http://www.ukvisas.gov.uk/en/
Yes you do
Yes
Yes you will. Its the US. You need a Visa to enter or pass through the US. Only if you are not coming off the plane.
Yes, US citizens need a visa to visit Australia and New Zealand. It is important to check the specific visa requirements for each country before traveling.
You have to apply for a US visa prior to departure for any purpose of travel.
It depends on how you are traveling and when/where you are going. If you are traveling by air or sea, you will need a passport to get back into the US or Canada effective as of 01 Jan, 2007. You do not need a visa unless you want to work legally.
Yes, US citizens need a visa to travel to France for stays longer than 90 days. For short visits of up to 90 days, a visa is not required for US citizens traveling to France for tourism or business purposes.
Yes, as a US citizen, you do not need a visa for short stays (up to 90 days) in Germany for tourism or business purposes. However, you must have a valid passport.
Yes, a US permanent resident can travel to Japan. They will need to obtain a visa before traveling to Japan.
You will need a passport to travel between borders and to return to the US. You will not need a visa for most countries, but they will ask how long you intend to stay and why you are traveling.