The prominent constitutional provision giving Congress authority in foreign policy is found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution. This section grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, declare war, raise and support armies, and maintain a navy. Additionally, it allows Congress to make rules concerning captures on land and water and to define and punish offenses against the law of nations. These powers enable Congress to play a critical role in shaping and overseeing U.S. foreign policy.
The constitutional authority of Congress to forbid discrimination in employment is based on the power of Congress to regulate interstate commerce.
A bicameral legislature
The Necessary and Proper Clause
The constitutional provision that states "Congress shall pass no law exempting themselves" is significant because it ensures that members of Congress are held to the same laws and regulations as the general public. This helps prevent corruption and abuse of power by holding lawmakers accountable to the same standards as the people they represent.
Constitutional courts
Give Congress the constitutional authority to levy income taxes.
Congress had no way to retaliate.
Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI)
Congress can REPEAL any law, constitutional or not. Only the Court can overturn a law because it is unconstitutional.
The necessary and proper clause
The congress of Vienna attempted to reestablish the old constitutional monarchies through an elimination of nationalism. :)
The delegates to the Constitutional Convention were not authorized to write a new Constitution. They were only supposed to propose amendments to the Articles of Confederation. In that sense they had no authority at all to write a whole new constitution to replace the Articles of Confederation.