A bad debt is the actual amount of your accounts receivable that are not able to be received due to that person going bankrupt or similiar. Doubtful debts is not the actual amount but rather the estimated amount of accounts receivable that is likely to bad debt for the period.
Doubtful debts are required because it is obvious that you will not be able to receive all the receivables. A certain percentage of sales is used to determine this such as 5% of sales may not be attained. The actual amount not received will vary from this percentage. Usually it is lower. The actual amount such as 3% will be then be stated as bad debts for the period.
Provision for doubtful debt is current asset which is created as a reduction in accounts receivable balance and which is adjusted at actual bad debt.
Doubtful debt is treated as asset because it is reduction in accounts receivable before it happen and at actual bad debt time it is offset against bad debt account. Bad debt is expense because this is the loss which business incurred due to bankruptcy or not receiving money from debtors.
The double entry for recording provision for doubtful debt is: Dr. Doubtful Debts (P&L expense a/c) xxx Cr. Provision for Doubtful debt xxx Once it is certain that the debt has gone bad debt; following entry is made: Dr. Provision for Doubtful debt xxx Cr. Loan / Portfolio xxx
Provision for bad and doubtful debt is not go to profit and loss account, and it is go to balance sheet.
Bad debts is a sure loss, irrecoverable on a given date and is written off from the trade debtors. an over aged debtors usually turn out to be bad debtors. provision for doubtful debts is created based on estimation that the certain percentage of debtors may turn out to be doubtful debts. a percentage is worked out based on the debtor's collection period and general economic environment.
Debit to bad debt expense, credit to allowance for doubtful accounts. The figure would be your yearly estimate.
If it is a doubtful bad debt the provision to be made. It is helpful to the firm to face the debitor if turns into a bad debt in future, in addition to that, the liquidity position will increase.
Bad debts DR Allowance for doubtful debt CR Some accounting practioners may use provison for doubtful debts instead of allowance for doubtful debts. Example of bad debts, suppose a customer was unable to pay their debts totalling $150. This will be the journal entry for the transaction: Bad debts 150 Allowance for doubtful debts 150
Allowance for doubtful accounts is a contra-asset account, but it relates for bad-debt expense. When increasing bad debt expense, you credit ADA and debit BDE. Allowance for doubtful accounts is just estimating how much you will need for these accounts, and bad debt expense is saying "see, i knew this would go bad" then you credit ADA. Bad debt expense does need to be closed out though! So... Debit ADA Credit Accounts receivable (This is when expenses are written off) then Debit BDE Credit ADA Bad debt expense needs to be closed out, by crediting expenses and then debiting Retained Earnings.
Provision is when the bank thinks there is a possibility/ high risk that this may not be repaid. Write off is when they know for sure it will not be e.g if the receiver has gone through the figures and it is clear that the assets left in the company will not repay the debt to the bank
Yes these are same and interchangable names for the same name for one process.
Bad debt expense account is the actual expense account for bad debts while allowance for doubtful account is the provision for account in case of any bad debts occurs in future.