What are three major colonial powers of Islam?

Answer 1

Islamic history has involved expansion, conquest and colonization across North Africa and Eurasia. The Turks, as in the Ottomans, Seljuks were set of Islamic imperial powers. The Mongols-Moghuls hordes and the Arab Caliphates were another.

Answer 2

Islam is against making colonies and there are no such powers which can called as colonial powers not now or not in history.

The above answer is only correct so long as the European understanding of a colony, i.e. a secondary and distant territory is occupied and directly governed by Another Country. However, Islamic Powers have, throughout time created vassals and directly influenced the politics of other Moslem and non-Moslem nations (through bribes, economic controls, or forced diplomatic alliances). For example, Wallachia was a dependent vassal of the Ottoman Empire. Central Turkestan was indirectly controlled by the Abbassids for much of the 800s and 900s and there are other examples.

As for the countries which colonized the Islamic World, the United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Italy were the most prolific in that order.