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Immediately after the secession of Virginia he was appointed general of the state militia whose first regiments were armed, equipped and trained under his direction.

At the entrance of Virginia in the Confederacy, Lee was sent with insufficient forces on the front of West Virginia, where he could not do anything to prevent its occupation by the Federal Army led by McClellan.

After that, he was sent to command the defenses in South Carolina and Georgia after the landing of the Federals at Port Royal who were threatening to interrupt the vital railway Charleston - Savannah. He solved this serious problem by building in a record time a great line of fortifications, several kilometers inland, completely out of the reach of naval artillery of the Union. This line remained untouched for four years and only fell when it was taken by an army coming from the hinterland.

After the wounding of General Joseph Johnston at the Battle of Seven Pines, he was appointed commander of the Army of Northern Virginia and the areas of Virginia and North Carolina, a task he held until the day of his surrender at Appomattox. He was able to reorganize and amalgamate his army in such a way that it became one of the most efficient units of military history.

This period was marked by his decisive victories in the battles of the Seven Days, Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, the ill-fated offensive of Antietam, Gettysburg and the brilliant campaign of 1864-65 in defense of Richmond and the heart of the Confederacy, marked by the battles of Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Petersburg.

On Jan. 23, 1865 he was appointed General-in-Chief of the Confederacy but, despite his efforts, it was too late to change the course of the conflict.

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