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In 1860, the Pony Express was organized to carry mail across the United States. It was established by a partnership between William H. Russell, William B. Waddell, and Alexander Majors, who aimed to provide a faster mail service between the East and West coasts. The service used a relay system of horseback riders to cover the 1,966 miles from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California, in a matter of days, dramatically reducing delivery times. Despite its short operation period, the Pony Express became an iconic symbol of American frontier spirit.

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What system of carrying mail to California began in 1860 and what invention put this out of business?

The system of carrying mail to California that began in 1860 was the Pony Express. William Russell established this in 1860. With a stable of 500 horses and series of 190 stations stretching from Missouri to California, Russell promised to carry mail across the continent in the shortest possible time. A series of riders working in relays carried the mail from St. Joseph, Missouri, to San Francisco in ten to twelve days. The company went broke in 1861, however, a victim of the most important communications invention of the era, the telegraph.


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