File servers do those things. There are specialized servers as well, for example web servers, database servers, remote access servers, fax servers--the list goes on and on. But file servers are the backbone of providing access and managing files and who has access to what resources at which times.BTW. Access to the network is usually referred to as Authentication. And Rights or Security Management is usually what controls access to files, printers, and other resources.
Servers
Web servers
Specialized servers are used on internet to provide a specific type of service e.g. a multimedia server stores and transmits multimedia data like video and sound. A general-purpose server, on the other hand, stores and sends any type of data.
The IBM Bladecenter provides a number of different "blade servers" at different capabilities and price points for companies to purchase. "Blade servers" are a specialized form of computer server designed to minimize energy and space requirements.
Cloud servers work by storing data and running applications on virtual servers that are hosted remotely by a cloud computing provider. These virtual servers are accessed over the internet, allowing users to access their data and applications from anywhere. Cloud servers are scalable, meaning resources can be easily adjusted to meet changing demands, and they offer high availability and reliability due to redundant infrastructure.
Internet servers can be either purchased or rent from many different companies specialized in that area. Some examples include "LeaseWeb", "DreamHost" or "FastHosts".
The Zeus Load Balancer is a softer product used in the operation of web servers. It is a highly specialized product that has been used UNIX and similar platforms.
Servers are the Specialized Computers that host Services to cater to a wide variety of Computer Users & other Application needs. While Remote Desktop Services is one example that presents Users the Visual Interface of Remote System in Windows Environment. File Servers provide remote access to Data in Files and Folders, Mail Servers provide access to Emails, Web Servers host Websites for Computer Users.
There are mail servers, FTP servers, Web servers, DNS servers, DHCP Servers, those are the most common types
Web Servers Mail Servers Application Servers
Actually "1U" refers to "one rack unit" - so this is a server that will be placed in a rack. Such servers can be purchased by dedicated stores specialized on commercial products, like for example "SuperMicro" or "ServerMonkey" (here one could find for example refurbished servers at a very low price!).