What are the advantages and disadvantages of external reporduction?

Answer 1

External reproduction, such as that seen in many aquatic animals like fish and amphibians, has several advantages, including the production of a large number of offspring, which increases the chances of survival for some in a predator-rich environment. It also allows for greater genetic diversity, as fertilization occurs in a natural setting. However, disadvantages include a higher vulnerability to environmental factors and predation, as the eggs and embryos are often unprotected. Additionally, external fertilization can be less efficient in terms of ensuring that all eggs are fertilized compared to internal reproduction methods.