Persia had a strong record of defeating people and ruling them to organise peace and prosperity, through a strong army and navy, and the use of bribes to weaken those who tried to stand against them. This had worked with the Greek cities of Asia Minor now part of the Empire. The bribes were also working in mainland Greece, where the northern city-states had gone over to the Persians, and others were wavering, believed to have cut secret deals.
The southern Greek cities had to weigh up the risks, and wonder if their neighbours could be trusted. Fifteen years earlier, the rebelling Ionian cities had lost the decisive sea battle of Lade when the fleets of half of them left the battle site without engaging, their leaders having cut a deal with the Persians, and Persia established complete control of the cities in Asia. Now it was the turn of mainland Greece, and who would take the bribes, who could be relied on to stand firm? To cut a deal with Persia, or risk losing both a war and their negotiating power.
Persia hasn’t existed for several thousand of years. The Greeks went to war with Persia not the United States. The United States didn’t even exist when Persia existed.
Athens and Sparta fought Persia in the Peloponesian War.
Darius I led the Persians in the First Persian War. Xerxes I led them in the Second.
Persia went to war with Greece (Athens and Sparta) as Persia wanted their land and Athens, Sparta and some other greek states said "No, you can not own our land." Or A Catalyst for the first war against the Persians was the Ionian Revolt. The Persians and the Greeks shared a border along the land known as Ionia in Asia Minor. The Greeks revolted and burned a village. Thus leading to a Persian counter-attack and war.
Persia was trying to incorporate mainland Greece within its empire. Many of the Greek city-states resisted.
Persia was taking over, but then the Spartans came to help and soon surrounded the Persians. The Persians lost war by losing more than 6000 troops, but then the Greeks lost less then 200 troops.
Persia did NOT fight in World War 1.
The Persia War did not straighten the Greeks. After a temporary coalition of the city-states saw off the Persian invasions, they went back to their usual wars between themselves, opening the way for the rise of Macedonia which brought the cities under control and 'straightened' them.
Persia was attempting to include the Greek cities within its empire to stabilise its borders. The Greek citiy-states objected.
Is this a question about civil war in Persia.
No one conquered Persia, the government collapsed, due to war, and went through a period of anarchy, with Smerdis the third as the head. It then fell into the Parthian dynasty.
They established dominance at sea, which limited the land force which Persia could supply in such a poor country as Greece. After losing its sea supply line, Persia had to send half its army home, which made the Greeks superior on land as well as sea. The rest is ... history.