There's the .700 Nitro Express.
Depending on condition, about the same as any Marlin 70 rifle.
The 223 is considered a Short Action rifle.
Depends on caliber, exact version, but prices are low- around $400. Excellent rifle for the $$$.
The Winchester model 70 is a centerfire rifle. It was never made in 22 short caliber.
Buffalo. Bear. Cougar. Indian uprisings.
500-1000 usd
The standard caliber of a biathlon rifle is .22.
ABOUT .69 to .75 caliber. These were smoothbore muskets.
a .22 caliber
Depending on condition, a Marlin 1895 lever action in 45-70 sells for $400-$500.
A .177 caliber air rifle has very little recoil.
We can't really answer that until we know WHICH 45 and which 50. In the case of a muzzleloading black powder rifle, the .50 with have more energy, all other things being equal. However, it could also compare a 50 muzzleloader to a .45-70 cartridge rifle, which is more powerful. Caliber alone only tells us the width of the bullet.