Halberds are pole weapons that combine features of both a spear and an axe, typically consisting of a long shaft topped with a blade that has an axe-like head on one side and a spike or spear point on the other. They were widely used in Europe during the late medieval and Renaissance periods, particularly by infantry, due to their versatility in combat. Halberds were effective for both slashing and thrusting, making them suitable for engaging armored opponents and cavalry. Their design allowed for both offensive and defensive maneuvers in battle.