They were captured by African slave traders
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they captured black people with black people. the tribes attacked other tribes, rounded them up and sold them to slave captures for money or supplies.
The Portuguese had ties with Kingdom Kongo who started exporting slaves in 1650.
Most were captured by rival tribes and sold to slave traders in West Africa, who transported many slaves to the Caribbean and the colonies in the American South.
Slaves from Africa to America, Cotton and Sugar from America to Europe, Textiles and manufactured goods to Africa.
what was the return to Africa like for the freed slaves this is not an answer.
Europe got slaves from Africa by the triangular trade. Europe traded with Africa, Europe gave Africa guns, rum, gunpowder, and tools. Africa traded back with slaves