I think that is the government
In France, under Francis I (1515-1547), the power of the monarch was reinforced. Nobles lost some of their privileges of local jurisdiction to the royal courts. Appointment of royal officials in the Church (which was permitted after the Concordat of Bologna of 1516), also undermined the power of the nobility, as many more royal officials took the best positions and enforced the royal will in provinces more than before.
The European countries searched for new land to find resources, to spread Christianity, and to gain dominion over new lands. Each of these aspects gave them power and wealth.
sailors wanted to quench their thirst for adventure and explore the unknown
A Patroon was a large landowner in the Dutch New Netherland colony of North America or modern day New York state. These landowners headed manors and were very similar to feudal land systems. A patroon held the power to create courts, appoint officials and hold or grant lands. In agreement with the Dutch West India Company, he was required to have 50 families on his land within two years.
For the same reason we check out mineral resources, sometimes at huge expense: in the hope of striking gold. Or oil, or other things which will give us money. In order to make money and increase military power. Stealing from distant lands was a lucrative business.
emperor
I think that is the government
The Concordat of Worms, established in 1122, resolved the investiture controversy by distinguishing between spiritual and temporal authority. It granted the Pope the exclusive right to appoint bishops and abbots, while the Holy Roman Emperor retained the power to confer secular authority and lands to these church leaders. This agreement aimed to reduce the ongoing conflict between the church and the monarchy over the appointment of church officials.
Concordat of Worms.
elect and invest bishops with spiritual authority.
Concordat of Worms
The Treaty called the Concordat of Worms (1122) gave the church sole power to appoint bishops and abbots in the Holy Roman Empire. It resolved the Investiture Controversy, a power struggle between the papacy and secular rulers over the appointment of church officials.
The Concordat of Worms ended the right of Kings to meddle in the affairs of the Church. It realised the Kings had the right to invest secular power in Bishops, but not sacred power. This stopped the Holy Roman Emperors thought that they had right, granted by God to name who would be Pope. Furthermore, one side effect and long-delayed result was an end to the belief in the divine right of Kings.
The Concordat of Worms, established in 1122, was primarily an effect of the power struggles between popes and rulers, particularly the conflict over investiture. This agreement resolved the Investiture Controversy by distinguishing the spiritual authority of the pope from the secular authority of the emperor, thereby limiting the power of secular rulers in appointing church officials. It represented a compromise after years of conflict, highlighting the ongoing struggle for power and influence between the papacy and monarchy.
Yes, the Concordat of Worms in 1122 did limit the emperor's power by establishing a clear distinction between spiritual and temporal authority. It resolved the Investiture Controversy by allowing the Church to appoint bishops while granting the emperor the right to invest them with secular authority. This compromise diminished the emperor's influence over ecclesiastical appointments and reinforced the autonomy of the Church, ultimately leading to a more balanced relationship between the two powers.
The Concordat of Worms, sometimes called the Pactum Calixtinum by papal historians, was an agreement between Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V on September 23, 1122 near the city of Worms. It brought to an end the first phase of the power struggle between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Emperors. The King was recognized as having the right to invest bishops with secular authority ("by the lance") in the territories they governed, but not with sacred authority ("by ring and staff").~DoRtHy~
The Concordat of Worms was a fair compromise because it resolved the Investiture Controversy between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Catholic Church by granting the emperor the right to invest bishops with secular power and the church the authority to invest them with spiritual authority. This division allowed each party to exercise their respective powers without interference from the other.