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The Ottoman Empire collapsed after World War I due to a combination of military defeat, economic hardship, and nationalist movements within its diverse population. The empire's participation in the war on the side of the Central Powers led to significant territorial losses and the eventual occupation of its capital, Istanbul. Additionally, the rise of nationalism among various ethnic groups, seeking independence or autonomy, further weakened the empire. The formal dissolution was solidified by the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920, which partitioned its remaining territories.

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