The current gain in CE mode called as beta (ß)
Tha current gain in CB mode called as alpha (A)
ß= A/(1-A)
=0.98/(1-0.98)
=49
the current gain is 49 in CE mode
The emitter resistor in a common emitter configuration provides negative feedback to the transistor, reducing both its voltage gain and distortion.
The base is excited by a very low current. That turns the transistor on so that a higher amount of current flow comes out.
The percentage of doping in emitter is higher than collector region.hence large current is flow to emitter than collector.
Kirchoff's current law states that the current in every point in a series circuit is the same. In the case of a transistor in common emitter configuration, you can take advantage of that fact and state that the collector current is equal to the emitter current. The truth is somewhat different, because the gain of the transistor is not infinity, so the base current must be added to the emitter current. With a reasonably high gain, however, you can ignore the base current. Consider that the emitter voltage is related to the base voltage by the forward drop of the base-emitter junction, about 0.7 volts, and the collector and emitter currents are the same. Now look at the collector and emitter resistors. If the currents are the same, and the voltage across the emitter resistor is known, then you know the voltage across the collector resistor as well. This is an application of both Kirchoff's and Ohm's laws. The gain, then, of this amplifer is collector resistance divided by emitter resistance. It is an inverting amplier in this configuration. In some configurations, the emitter resistor is zero ohms. This does not mean the gain is infinity - it now means that the gain is limited by the gain of the transistor, which it is anyway - the emitter resistor is used to stabilize the gain and reduce dependency on individual transistor gains, which do vary.
pnp transister in common emitter mode
The emitter resistor in a common emitter configuration provides negative feedback to the transistor, reducing both its voltage gain and distortion.
Common base transistor if the emitter is open current Ie=0 but a small collector current thus exist.this current is reversed biased collector to the base voltage it is represented by Icbo while common emitter is d base terminal is open circuit and the base junction is reversed biased current Icbo flow from the tcollector to the emitter in the external circuit this current is called leakage current.
output current is zero
The base is excited by a very low current. That turns the transistor on so that a higher amount of current flow comes out.
With a common emitter amplifier it's the emitter that is usually grounded.
alpha is the common base current gain = Ic/Ie.beta is the common emitter current gain = Ic/Ib.
A transistor works as am amplifier by virtue of the fact that you can control the current in one path with a smaller current in another path. In a typical class A (common emitter) configuration, a certain current from base to emitter will create a corresponding current from collector to emitter. Increasing or decreasing the base-emitter current will cause a corresponding increase or decrease in the collector-emitter current, by a ratio that is defined as hFe, or beta-gain. Of course, this means that you have to properly bias the transistor, and understand the nature of hFe. You can operate a transistor in cutoff mode or saturated mode if you exceed the hFe limits. Within the limits, a properly biased transistor exhibits a (generally) linear operation.
from the name itself the common collector has its collector terminal in common with both the input and output circuits of a transistor and the base current is chosen as the input current and the output current is the emitter current
cascade: the output of one amplifier stage is connected to the input of another amplifier stages, it's also connected in series. cascode: it said to be cascode, when it has one transistor on the top of another where a common emitter transistor drives a common base transistor.
The percentage of doping in emitter is higher than collector region.hence large current is flow to emitter than collector.
Kirchoff's current law states that the current in every point in a series circuit is the same. In the case of a transistor in common emitter configuration, you can take advantage of that fact and state that the collector current is equal to the emitter current. The truth is somewhat different, because the gain of the transistor is not infinity, so the base current must be added to the emitter current. With a reasonably high gain, however, you can ignore the base current. Consider that the emitter voltage is related to the base voltage by the forward drop of the base-emitter junction, about 0.7 volts, and the collector and emitter currents are the same. Now look at the collector and emitter resistors. If the currents are the same, and the voltage across the emitter resistor is known, then you know the voltage across the collector resistor as well. This is an application of both Kirchoff's and Ohm's laws. The gain, then, of this amplifer is collector resistance divided by emitter resistance. It is an inverting amplier in this configuration. In some configurations, the emitter resistor is zero ohms. This does not mean the gain is infinity - it now means that the gain is limited by the gain of the transistor, which it is anyway - the emitter resistor is used to stabilize the gain and reduce dependency on individual transistor gains, which do vary.
pnp transister in common emitter mode