No - ABM weapons are either high-energy weapons (particle beams or lasers), or high velocity intercept missiles that use radar tracking from several sources to lock on and intercept a ballistic missile in-flight, before it can separate its warheads.
to ensure each side remained vulnerable to the others nuclear weapons.
Modern submarines carry a wide variety of weapons. An example of a U.S. Navy Fast-Attack Submarine weapons capability includes: Homing Torpedoes (Active and Passive Sonar) Tomahawk Land-Attack Missile (Conventional and Nuclear) Tomahawk Anti-Ship Missile Harpoon Anti-Ship Missile Mines Ballistic Missile submarines can carry those weapons as well, but their primary mission is Nuclear Deterrence, and as such their main weapons are Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles (SLBM's).
The Romans created the first ballista. It looked like a very large cross bow. It throws things a long way (relatively). A ballistic missile throws itself. An anti-ballistic missile throws itself at the incoming ballistic missile.
An anti satellite missile is designed specifically to shoot down objects in orbit outside of the Earth's atmosphere (these objects are satellites). Anti ballistic missiles are designed to shoot down ballistic missile threats, which for the most part are within the Earth's atmosphere. The two missiles will most likely differ in warheads, aiming and guidance systems, and propulsion.
An anti-ballistic missile is a based missile system made to shoot down ballistic missiles. Usually ABM consists of a missile system guided by heat (more primitive), or by laser guided systems. When these missiles egnite, they send a cloud of cluster munitions in front of the target projectile in order to shread the warhead to peices.
Anti-ballistic missile systems.
An ASBM is an anti-ship ballistic missile, a military quasiballistic missile system designed to hit a warship at sea.
An AShBM is an anti-ship ballistic missile, a military quasiballistic missile system designed to hit a warship at sea.
There is no general category for "defensive nuclear weapons" although they were once envisioned as part of an air-defense against massed bombers. The 3 letter acronym for a "defense against nuclear missiles" is ABM, which stands for Anti-Ballistic Missile defense. (There is a related acronym from the Cold War, MAD, for Mutual Assured Destruction, a policy to preclude a first strike in nuclear war by assuring the survival of retaliatory weapons.)
Under normal circumstances no. Nukes need a smaller pre-explosion that starts the nuclear reaction, which would not happen if it were intercepted. Its possible that it could be armed so it goes off if intercepted. It should be noted that if intercepted there is still fissionable martial from the missile so if it lands on a populated area it could still be as lethal as if it went off normally. The missile will not explode by being intercepted - Anti-ballistic and Anti-Missile Interceptors target the fuel at the midsection, which is most likely not going to detonate the Warhead's High-Explosive detonator cap, and might not explode at all (fuel-wise). HOWEVER, the missile will turn into a gravity bomb, and if it lands on the detonator cap or with significant force, it will detonate. This is why technologies such as the Boeing YAL-1 Airborne Laser (ABL) are designed to drop the enemy missile over enemy territory. It is important to note that gun-activated nuclear weapons which shoot one core of fission material at another, will not detonate in this circumstance unless the detonator cap activates the gun.
Maybe. If ABM was nuclear itself, it will probably cause fratricide in the warhead causing it to dud. If ABM is conventional it might detonate conventional explosives in warhead. Whether this produces yield or not depends on how safe the warhead was designed against one point detonation nuclear yield.
SALT 1 refers to a round of negotiations called the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. between the United States and the Soviet Union with regard to limitations on ballistic nuclear weapons. SALT I refers to the first round of talks and led directly to the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty as well as an interim agreement between the two powers.