0
Aristotle is often regarded as the father of psychology, and his book, De Anima (On the Soul), the first book on psychology. He was concerned with the connection between the psychological processes and the underlying physiological phenomenon. Many believe he contributed more to prescience psychology than any other person, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Although Aristotle attended Plato's Academy, he became convinced of the need for empirical observations and criticized many of Plato's philosophies. Plato and Aristotle "represent a basic divergence in the way man and the world may be viewed, a modern parallel being the difference between the clinical and the experimental psychologist. (Zusne, p. 8)"
Aristotle postulates that the body and the mind exist as facets of the same being, with the mind being simply one of the body's functions. He suggests that intellect consists of two parts: something similar to matter (passive intellect) and something similar to form (active intellect). Aristotle says that intellect "'is separable, impassible, unmixed, since it is in its essential nature activity. . . . When intellect is set free from its present conditions, it appears as just what it is and nothing more: it alone is immortal and eternal . . . and without it nothing thinks (Britannica Online, "Physiological Psychology")."
Aristotle described the psyche as a substance able to receive knowledge. Knowledge is obtained through the psyche's capability of intelligence, although the five senses are also necessary to obtain knowledge. "As Aristotle describes the process, the sense receives 'the form of sensible objects without the matter, just as the wax receives the impression of the signet-ring without the iron or the gold.' (Britannica Online, "Physiological Psychology")." Sensitivity is stimulated by phenomenon in the environment, and memory is the persistence of sense impressions. He maintained that mental activities were primarily biological, and that the psyche was the "form" part of intellect. Aristotle insisted that the body and the psyche form a unity. This idea is known as hylomorphic.
Aristotle believed that thinking requires the use of images. While some animals can imagine, only man thinks. Knowing (nous) differs from thinking in that it is an active, creative process leading to the recognition of universals; it is akin to intuition, it does not cause movement, and it is independent of the other functions of the psyche. (Zusne, pp. 8-9)
Thomas Aquinas based many of his ideas on those of Aristotle, metaphysically interpreting them to make them fit his Christian theological framework. Thomistic psychology is still taught in Catholic schools today.
Wiki User
∙ 11y ago
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoOne of Aristotle's most important contributions was defining and classifying the various branches of knowledge. He sorted them in to physics, metaphysics, psychology, logic, education, poetics and thus laid the foundation of most of the sciences of today. Aristotle contributed ethics as an important subject of philosophy.
Wiki User
∙ 15y agoAristotle believed in Human Potential. This was later known as Maslow's Self- Actualization through man's Hierarchy of Needs.
Wiki User
∙ 13y agophysics and astronomy
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What is tayu contribution to psychology?
Tayu is a form of traditional Japanese theater that incorporates psychological themes and character developments. It often explores complex emotions, interpersonal relationships, and the human psyche, providing valuable insights into the psychology of the characters and the audience members. Studying tayu performances can offer a unique perspective on psychological processes and the ways in which emotions are portrayed and experienced in a cultural context.
What unique or important contribution did Eric erikson make to the study of psychology?
What unique or important contribution did eric erikson make to the study of psychology?
What was Harvey carr's contribution to psychology?
Harvey Carr was a psychologist known for his work in behaviorism and experimental psychology. He contributed to the understanding of classical conditioning and reinforcement in animal behavior. Carr's research laid the foundation for the development of behaviorism as a major school of psychology.
1 The subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to the prevention and treatment of illness is known as?
The correct answer is: health psychology
What was Socrates' contribution to psychology?
Socrates' contribution to psychology was primarily through his philosophical method of questioning and examining beliefs and perceptions. He sought to understand the nature of the self, knowledge, and human behavior by engaging in dialogues that promoted self-awareness and critical thinking. He emphasized introspection and the importance of questioning assumptions in order to gain a deeper understanding of oneself and others.
Empedocles contribution in psychology?
Empedocles, an ancient Greek philosopher, is known for his theory of the four elements (earth, air, fire, and water) and their role in shaping the natural world. While his work did not directly address psychology as a modern science, his ideas about the elements influencing human behavior and emotions may have laid some of the groundwork for later psychological theories regarding the connection between physical and mental states.
What was the contribution in psychology for Norman Munn?
Norman Munn contributed to the field of psychology by focusing on human perception and cognition. He conducted research on topics such as visual perception and attention, providing insights into how individuals process information. Munn's work helped advance our understanding of how the brain interprets sensory input and makes sense of the world.
What was Rene descartes major contribution to psychology?
Rene Descartes helped form the early ideas of psychology, before psychology was an established field. His most important contribution to modern psychology is probably the idea of the mind and body being separate entities, which has major implications for why and how we experience emotions.
What is the contribution of Charles bell to the development of experimental psychology?
He Created the Cellphone
What are contribution of psychology?
psychology is applied in every sphere of human life. it helps vital role in understanding oneself and others.
What was Pavlov's contribution to psychology?
Pavlov's contribution to psychology was his work on classical conditioning, where he demonstrated how a neutral stimulus could come to elicit a reflexive response through repeated pairings with an unconditioned stimulus. His research laid the foundation for behaviorism and our understanding of how we learn and adapt to our environment.
What was Aristotles legacy?
Aristotle's legacy includes his contributions to numerous fields such as philosophy, logic, biology, politics, and ethics. He founded the Peripatetic school of philosophy and his works have profoundly influenced Western thought and intellectual history. His emphasis on careful observation and empirical data laid the foundation for scientific inquiry.
