No, but open source does.
It is usually called "open source" software.
Freeware is the term used for an application that is provided free of charge, with no obligations or 'trials'. There may be a 'Pro' version available to entice you, but the entire application should be provided for free for it to be considered freeware. Freeware does NOT mean that the source code is available or that it is somehow open source, it is very much owned by the individual or company who made it.
Freeware
Freeware is computer software that is distributed without charge. Open source is computer software the author of which claims no copyright. There are several ways "open source" is defined, the most popular being GNU. However! Freeware can be copyrighted, and open source can be sold for money.
Commercial: WinRAR StuffIt Freeware / open-source: 7-Zip TUGZip
Open source, Freeware, Shareware, and Bundleware.
Yes, and this is actually its main goal. It is also Open-Source (which means that you can look at its code).
handbreak. open source and free for windows and mac.
Yes. Actually, it is freely licensed and open-source software, but for most users there is no practical distinction.
One benefit of downloading legal freeware instead of paid pc software is what the name implies - it is free. Legal, virus-free freeware often provide the same services as paid PC software for no monetary cost.
Yes its freeware.
No. The terms of the GPL do not forbid selling the software; they simply require you to provide the source code to the program and any changes you have made. So if I write a program that requires a special compiler in order to make the source code usable, I can still charge for the binaries, provide the source code, and not worry about unpaid versions circulating. In practice, most GPL software is available for free (as in beer), but the legal and technical distinction still needs to be made.