1, The 11 year solar cycle varies the volume of charged particles emitted by the sun. In other words, the solar wind is not constant.
2, The time of year, whether the northern hemisphere is pointed toward or away from the sun. In NH summer, the NH points toward the sun so the interaction between the atmosphere is more excited but, the nights are much shorter and, in fact non-existant for several weeks. so total out put is low. In NH winter, the NH points away from the sun so the light is less bright but it lasts much longer because the sky is dark for weeks.
3. The latitude: The magnetic field is stronger closer to the poles. Sometimes the aurorae can be seen further south when solar flare activity is high.
Northern lights is the name of a light phenomenon (aurora borealis) often seen in northern regions.
The lights have been around since Earth formed an atmosphere, the dinosaurs saw it, early humans saw it and our descendants will see it. The scientific name for the phenomenon is "Aurora Borealis", aurora for short.
Go as far north as you can go for the best views and you must be away from ambient lighting for a decent view.
Charged particles from the Sun are accelerated by the Earth's magnetic field and the collisions these particles have with atoms of Nitrogen and Oxygen in the upper atmosphere (60 - 90 km up) excite the electrons of the atoms, when the electrons fall back to a lower excitation state they emit light we see this light as the aurora.
Comets have no light bearing capability. A comet is made up of usually a metallic core covered in much more ice. The ice is always very dirty and full of dust and dirt like substances. The light you see is light being reflected from other sources upon the surface of the comet. Much like how we see the moon. The "tail" you see is ice melting away as the comet nears an energy source.
It depends on what your definition of 'big' is, as they can cover the entire sky if your lucky, and sometimes a particular colour can stretch as far as the eye can see.
The Northern Lights appear in the ionosphere which is the highest layer of the atmosphere, more than 50 miles (80 km) above the earth.
The size of an area or 1 fourths of the sky .
The Northern Lights or Aurora Borealis occurs in the Earths ionosphere which is about 85k -> 600K above the surface of the Earth.
In absolute terms, some are brighter than our Sun - in some rare cases, millions of times brighter - while others are much less bright than our Sun.
Above 80 km!
Between 35 miles and 600 miles
Comets
Houston Comets ended in 2008.
Houston Comets was created in 1997.
Comets have been in space since the start of time. In the 1800's there were many people who knew comets where a space phenomena, there were people who thought it was a message from the gods. What people thought of the comets depended on their cultural beliefs.
Astronomers analyze the light reflected from comets with a machine, and can easily tell what major elements it is composed of.
No. Mercury has nothing to do with comets. Comets are objects that orbit the sun independent of the planets.
comets could be very bright
Earth
That will depend on when you make the trip. There are MANY comets detected each year, although only a few become bright enough to be seen with the naked eye, and very few are bright enough to be seen with the naked eye from bright city lights. We typically detect comets when they are about a year out from the Sun, although a flurry of smaller "Sun-diving" comets were detected only hours before they fell into the Sun in December, 2010.
It depends on where the comet is in relation to the earth and sun, but not many comets would be bright enough to be seen before dusk or after early dawn.
It seems like you mean the "tails" of comets.
Comets.
The moving bright lights may be aircraft, satellites, or meteors. The bright points that are not stars or planets may also be galaxies, asteroids, comets, or the moons of planets.
because Comets reflect light from the sun. This is the same way you see the moon glowing. When a comet's orbit nears the Sun it starts to warm up since they are usually black in colour.
the bright cloud of gas that surrounds their nuclei as they approach the sun makes the surface difficult to determine.
Generally, only the brightest comets are visible in the daytime. There was a very bright comet in 1911, which preceded the appearance of Halley's Comet that year. Hale-Bopp was briefly visible during the day, as well.
Andromeda is a constellation, but because one of the best-known and most-photographed galaxies is M31, the "great nebula in Andromeda", the name is often used to refer to the galaxy. Charles Messier was a French astronomer who was a fanatic about comets. Most of his astronomical observations were done while hunting for comets. But there are a lot of faintly bright fuzzy things in the sky that are NOT comets, and Messier achieved lasting fame for his list of things that look like comets but are not comets. M31 is "item number 31" in Messier's list of fuzzy things that aren't comets.