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Bumpers and softer material deforms when force is applied. If they deform, they absorb some energy. When you hit a wall or a car, a bumper absorbs a part of the energy when you hit the wall. In some cases that difference sames a mans life.

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Q: How do car bumpers that collapse on impact help protect a driver?
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How are bumpers helpful in a collision?

Bumpers are usually the first part of a car that connects in a collision. They absorb most of the impact. They are made to protect other parts of the vehicle, not the driver or passengers.


Why are cars made with bumpers that can be pushed during a crash?

For along time bumpers have been made to protect the bodywork of a car in the event of low speed collision, such as at stops or traffic lights. Bumpers are relatively cheap compared to body sections of cars, and often prevent a lot of body damage. In a high speed collision it doesn't matter whether you have bumpers or not, lots of bodywork will be wrecked.


Why do bumpers have a spring loaded shock absorbers?

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What is the crumple zone of a car?

Areas where the structure in a vehicle is allowed to collapse and absorb the kinetic energy of an impact and reduce the kinetic energy transfered to the people in the vehicle. Normally it located in front portion of a vehicle for when you run into something or are hit head on. The original crumple zone was a section of the steering column that was cut and replaced with a tube of metal mesh. This allowed the steering column to collapse instead of thrusting back with the front axle and killing the driver. Later the bumpers were mounted on springs instead of rigid onto the frame or structure of the vehicle. Also known as the 35 mile per hour system. Anything under 35 was able to be absorbed by the bumpers. Then the front structural crumple zone was introduced that allowed the impacts greater then 35 miles per hour to be more surivable.


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What does a car bumper do?

The original idea was to have something solid attached to the frame that would prevent damage to a vehicle's expensive body parts. It still does that in very low impact collisions, but has evolved into another expensive body part that must almost always be repaired or replaced after an accident. In combination with 'crumple zones" bumpers are now designed to absorb the impact in a collision and thereby protect the vehicle's occupants.


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There are sensors in the bumpers and frame. An impact of 5 miles per hour or above will deploy them.jd


What are deforming bumpers?

A type of bumper made out of soft flexible plastic that deforms slightly at low speed impact and has a foam backing - this will stop the bumper cracking