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Black holes do not, themselves, emit light. But the area around them does. Not light as we think of it, but highly energetic X-rays caused by the mass AROUND the black hole as the matter spirals down into the black hole. As the matter falls in to the black hole, the gravity accelerates the mass to near lightspeed, and the matter - dust and gas, as nothing larger could survive the tidal forces - collides with other dust and gas particles and gives off X-rays. So while we cannot directly observe a black hole, we CAN observe the X-rays with no apparent source. The first black hole ever "discovered" was Cygnus X-1 - a strong X-ray source in the constellation Cygnus from which we couldn't see the star generating the X-rays.

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Q: How do scientist know that black holes exist if these objects don't emit visible light?
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How do scientist know the block wave exist if these objects don't emit any visible light?

Um... "block wave"? Do you mean "black hole," and if so how did you manage that typo?Anyhow, they're predicted by theory, and these things predicted by theory would have certain characteristics, and lo and behold there are objects out in space that appear to have exactly those characteristics. Ergo, black holes must exist, and these objects must be them.


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