About the same time it takes to get a warrant for a 'tap' on any communication - very little. What is required is for law enforcement to submit an affidavit to the court setting forth 'probable cause' why a particular phone should be monitored for criminal activity, and the for the judge to sign it.
Only if they have obtained a federal wiretap warrant from a federal judge.
If all the rules are followed (In the US), it first requires a wiretap warrant. If a judge will grant them such a warrant, then they can request your phone provider give them access.Many agencies have acquired other technology to track and listen into ongoing cellphone conversations and to blank out areas from cell phone reception. The claim is that such capacity is only used in cases of extreme urgency.
No.
no by law an employer can not search your cell phone unless he or she has a search warrant
The police can can track you if you have a cell phone on you if they have a warrant to do so. If someone else else does it, then it will be illegal.
I am not familiar with all California law but I would say the answer to this question is yes. A police officer can answer your cell phone, but, they may not search (look at contacts etc.) without a warrant.
With the proper warrant or probable cause, a cell phone could certainly be searched. More commonly the police would obtain necessary records from the cellular service provider.
Tapping a phone line requires a warrant.
A search warrant is a different type of warrant, BUT with a specific phone tap warrant the police can listen in on your phone calls. Be aware however, that "cordless" and cell phones, operate on public radio frequencies assigned by the Federal Communications Commission. ANYONE, with the proper equipment to do so, can listen to these conversations.
If its not theirs they need permission from higher authority (Warrant)
Well, if the police department thinks that a cell phone may hold important evidence, then there is no need for a warrant. By the time the warrant is issued, the evidence may have been already destroyed or deleted.
In most countries - phone-tapping is illegal - unless done by law-enforcement agencies under a warrant.