As I was reading a book on cultural differences inside Europe, I found the analysis of the famous Dutch cultural psychologist Geert Hoftstede, who used to work for IBM and classified cultural differences under five categories :
- power distance
- individualism vs collectivism
- masculinilty vs femininity
- uncertainty avoidance
- long-term vs short-term orientation
Japan scored 46 for individualism (0 is the most collectivist and 100 the most individualist). The most individualistic countries in the world were all English-speaking ones + the Netherlands (and unsurprisingly, Dutch is the most similar language to English, very similar to what linguist call Middle English, i.e. 12 to 15th century English). The USA scored 91, Australia 90, the UK 89, then Canada and the Netherlands 80 and New-Zealand 79. The only other countries with a score above 70 were Italy (76), Belgium (75), Denmark (74), Sweden (71) and France (71).
Japan is by far the most individualistic country in Asia, as most score between 15 and 20 !
However, Japan (46) is more individualistic than Southern European countries like Portugal (27), Greece (35), and very close to Spain (51). I believe that Italy's score (76) reflects much more the Northern Italian mentality than the much more collectivist Sourthern one.
Yes, Japan's culture was heavily influenced by the Han culture.
The culture is Japanese
a diary entry of prince shotoku and his role bringing chinese culture to japan
One. Japan. It is an island. Japan is made of 1000s of islands.
I love justin beiber
No, it is a Constitutional Monarchy.
A ollectivist culture is especially likely to emphasize the importance of social harmony.
Individual culture is a culture that values the individual over the group. This contrasts with a collectivist culture, which values the individual only with respect to their contribution to a certain social group.
Yes, they are very interdependent due to their nomadic and cattle herding lifestyle.
Scotland is often viewed as having a mix of collectivist and individualistic values. While there is a strong sense of community and social responsibility in Scottish culture, there is also a strong emphasis on personal achievement and independence. It's important to recognize that cultural values can vary among individuals within any given society.
Yes, Japan's culture was heavily influenced by the Han culture.
The culture is Japanese
If the definition of Collectivism is watered-down to the point where democracy is collectivist, then Yes, Spain is collectivist. However, Spain does not have the socialist institutions like the Welfare Apparatus in Scandinavian Countries or the Kibbutzim of Early Israel which are often considered "Properly Collectivist", so the answer should be No.
Navajo culture, just like Germans have German culture and people in Japan have Japanese culture.
What was culture like in 1800 Japan
The Korean Culture had a major impact on Japan in the 1980's.
Buddhism and industrialism are both major influences on Japan's culture. Animated television series in a variety of genres are popular in Japan.