He is right! Running a warm engine under load uses far less fuel and causes far less wear than running a cold engine under load.
This is why fire engines and other emergency vehicles often use engine preheater systems that keep the engine coolant at operating temperature (or close to it).
Also, you will use far less fuel in your first few miles of driving. That will more than make up for the fuel used warming up the engine (provided you aren't warming the engine for hours!).
As the earlier poster explained, warming up your engine means you'll use less fuel in total. That means less pollution, not more.
Engine oil works best when warm up to operating temperature. Also a cool down period is also recommended. If you just got off the freeway, drive around slowly for about 10 minutes to bring engine temperature down. This even more critical you have (or have added) a turbocharger. The shaft bearing on the turbo mostly uses engine oil to survive the brtual exhaust temperatures during boost. If the engine is prematurely shutdown while the turbo housing is still hot, the oil can coke in the shaft bearings. This is why performance auto stores sell turbo timers. A turbo timer lets you remove you remove your key from the ignition and the engine will continue to run for a few minutes, so the oil pump can do its work to cool the turbocharger.
mainly leaving your lights on when the engine is of or leaving the keys in the ignition
If the engine is running and the alternator is good. If the engine is not running, no.
If the engine is running, then no. The alternator constantly keeps the battery charged.
The engine oil could splash out of the oil fill hole.
A good rule of thumb is that it takes as much gas to start your car as it does for the car to run for 3 minutes, in addition your engine takes the most damage from being started as opposed to running continuously. So you should make sure that you're going to be staying where you are for awhile (probably about 5 minutes+) before turning your engine off is actually a good idea.
what is the running mate in engine
what is the running mate in engine
There is coolant in the engine block when the engine is not running. The engine block, heater, hoses and radiator remain full when engine is not running.
If your alternator is good it should stay running until your engine dies from no fuel.
It's good practice, yes.
yes so the rings get oiled up good
Exhaust fumes may enter and that is not good.