Syllabus for msc botany entrance exam?

Answer 1

m.sc. in zoology 's entrance exam's syllabus for delhi university..and m.sc. in botany's syllabus for du..also provide me syllabs for preparationof m.sc. entrance exam in genetics and anthropology. thnx

Answer 2

M.Sc Botany

Note: The syllabus prescribed for the entrance test has been divided into fifteen units. Each unit

carries a weightage of four marks. Paper setters are required to set four multiple choice

type questions with only one correct or most appropriate answer separately for each unit,

giving uniform representation to the whole syllabus contained therein.

Units

1. Structure of viruses with special reference to TMV, lytic and lysogenic cycles in

viruses; structure, reproduction and role of Cyanobacteria in biotechnology with

special reference to Nostoc. Structure and life history of Phytopthora, Rhizopus,

Morchella., Puccinia and Alternaria. Thallus structure and life history of Chlorella,

Volvox, Oedogonium, Chara. Vaucheria, Ectocarpus and Batrachospermum.

2. Bryophytes--origin and evolution of sporophyte, apogamy and apospory; structure

and reproduction in Marchantia, Anthoceros and Polytrichum. Morphology, anatomy

and reproduction in Rhynia, Lycopodium, Equisetum and Marsilea. Heterospory, and

stelar evolution in Pteridophytes.

3. Structure and functions of cell wall and plasma membrane, golgi apparatus,

endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast, mitochondria and ribosomes, fluid mosaic model

of plasma membrane, ultrastructure of nuclear membrane. Morphology of

chromosomes; satellite chromosomes, nucleolus, organization of chromosomes with

special reference to nucleosome model; mitosis and meiosis; chromosome alterations-

-origin, meiotic behavior and genetic consequences of deletions, duplications,

inversions and translocations, transposable elements (maize and Drosophila); DNA

damage and repair.

4. Mendel's laws of inheritance, allelic and non-allelic interactions; dominance (3:1),

epistasis (13:3, 12:3:1) duplicate (15:1) and complementary (9:7) genes with suitable

examples and problems, structure and functions of mitochondrial and plastid DNA,

plasmids- structure and functions. DNA structure and mechanism of replication,

major enzymes involved in replication and their roles, satellite and repetitive DNA;

gene expression--- concept and structure of gene, lac operon (Operon model) and

regulation of gene expression; mechanism of transcription, enzymatic machinery

involved and its role.

5. Translation- concept of genetic code, structure and functions of ribosomes, tRNA and

mRNA in translation, activation of amino acids, mechanism of translation (initiation,

elongation and termination). Tools and techniques of recombinant DNA technology,

essential features of cloning vectors (Plasmids, Cosmids and Phages), genomic and

cDNA library, organization of Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium and its role in gene

transfer technology.

6. Plant Taxonomy--components, scope and need; plant identification keys; principles of

International Code of Botanical nomenclature (ICBN); taxonomic categories; type

concept. Role of cytology and phyto-chemistry in taxonomy; principals of numerical

taxonomy; artificial, natural and phylogenetic classification (a brief overview only);

salient features of classification systems proposed by Bentham and Hooker, and

Takhtajan.

7. Morphology of angiosperms (vegetative and reproductive features), origin of

angiosperms (monophyletic versus polyphyletic); character evaluation of primitive

angiosperms with special reference to Magnolia and Ranunculus; convergent

evolution with examples from flowering plants. Diagnostic taxonomic features of

Ranunculaceae, Brassicaceae, Malvaceae, Papilionaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae,

Solanaceae, Lamiaceae, Liliaceae, Iridaceae and Poaceae.

8. Organization of the root apical meristem, differentiation of primary and secondary

tissues and their roles; structural modification of root system for storage, support,

respiration, propagation and microbial interaction. Shoot apical meristem and its

histological organization; vascularization of primary shoot in monocotyledons and

dicotyledons; cambium and its functions.

9. Formation of secondary xylem; general account of wood structure; formation of

growth rings, sapwood and heart wood; secondary phloem-- structure-function

relationships; periderm; anomalous secondary growth in Dracena; anatomy of

monocotyledon (wheat, maize) and dicotyledonous (Nymphaea and sunflower) leaf.

General characters of gymnosperms; Sporne's system of classification (criteria and

salient features); morphology, anatomy and reproduction in Cycas, Pinus and

Ephedra.

10. Structure of flower; functions of anther and pistil, development of male and female

gametophytes; pollination mechanisms; plant-pollinator interactions; pollen-pistil

interaction, self incompatibility; double fertilization; development of embryo and

endosperm (in Capsella and Poa); fruit development, seed appendages and seed

dispersal mechanisms

11. Importance of water to plant life, physical properties of water, diffusion, osmosis,

imbibition, water transport through xylem, physiology of stomata, evidences and

mechanism of phloem transport, source sink relationship; essential macro and micro

nutrient elements, criteria of essentiality, role of nutrients, ion uptake, mineral

deficiency symptoms.

Differentiation and morphogenesis (elementary idea), phases of growth, physiology

of dormancy, seed germination, factors regulating seed germination

12. Photosynthetic pigments, absorption and action spectra, enhancement effect, concept

of two photosystems, Z-scheme, photophosphorylation, Photorespiration, C3, C4 and

CAM pathways. Aerobic and anaerobic respiration, Krebs cycle, electron transport

mechanism, oxidative phosphorylation (chemi-osmotic mechanism).

13. Discovery and nomenclature of enzymes, characteristics of enzymes concept of

holoenzyme, apoenzyme, coenzyme and cofactors, mechanism of enzyme action;

Biology of nitrogen fixation, ammonium assimilation, biosynthesis and degradation of

saturated fatty acids (β-oxidation).

Photoperiodism, vernalization, tropic and nastic movements; physiological effects of

auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid and ethylene; photomorphogenesis,

discovery and physiological role of phytochromes and cryptochromes

14. Plants and environment--- atmosphere (gaseous composition), water (water cycle);

light (global radiation, photosynthetically active radiation), temperature, soil

(development, soil profile, physico-chemical properties). Morphological, anatomical

and physiological adaptation of plants to water, temperature, light, wind, fire and

salinity; population ecology---primary and secondary characters of population,

regulation, inter- and intra-population interaction.

15. Community ecology---community characteristics (analytic and synthetic); ecological

succession (Hydrosere and Xerosere); Ecosystems: structure, abiotic and biotic

components, food chains, food webs, ecological pyramids, energy flow,

biogeochemical cycles of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus.

Morphology, cultivation and economic importance of rice, wheat, and maize, types of

plant fibres, extraction, processing and uses of cotton and jute; types of vegetable oil,

extraction, processing and uses of groundnut and mustard; distribution status,

cultivation, part used, uses/abuses of medicinal plants viz. Podophyllum, Atropa and

Artemisia.

Answer 3

no