I think it's called "diesel effect". You need to check the combustion chambers for carbon deposits, also make sure to check ECU for error codes. You might have some ignition system problem.
Can also be caused by low octane fuel or engine timing being off mark.
Note: A diesel engine does not need anything but fuel (air+diesel) to run. There is solenoid (a spring loaded electric operated valve) in the fuel line to cut out the supply and stop the engine. When it is on, it creates a magnetic field and might pick up metal particules, hence dirt builds up and when the ignition is turned off it might not be able to shut the fuel line completely. Common issue and easy to fix, if you know what you are doing - just remove and clean it off. When air gets into the fuel system it will not start up until cleared though, might have to crank longer than usual ( even as long as 1 minute).
chances are the battery is out of wack or the engine could be flooded
If your engine does not turn off by the key I suggest disconnecting the battery and alternator and immediately fixing what is wrong
the timing is off
because the engine is still processing the oil for about 20 seconds after you turn the car off
If by "stop the engine", you mean turn the car off, then the answer is NO!
The fuel is cut off to the engine. With no fuel it stops running immediately.
Not immediatley, but pull over and turn on your hazard lights. Then turn off the ignition.
There is a vacuum system that operates the power door locks. If there is a leak in this system the engine will not turn off immediately once the key is actuated to the off position.
Turn your engine off, check the gas cap and restart your car. If that doesn't work, be more specific about which car you have or check your owners maunal.
In this order only. Turn engine off. Depress parking brake. Turn engine on. Lights will turn off. To turn lights back on relase parking brake.
Your Accord is overheating. The fan is running to try and cool the engine off. seek professional help immediately before you destroy the engine.
The engine will overheat and can cause severe engine damage. The engine will be completely ruined if it is not immediately shut off.