Nicholas II
Czar Nicholas II abdicated his throne in the March Revolution of 1917. Several unfortunate decisions had made him a very unpopular monarch who had no support from any faction in Russia. A liberal democratic provisional government was put in place upon his abdication. Exiled Bolsheviks returned to Russia, successfully ousting the liberal democratic provisional government. Following their success, the Czar and his entire family were executed.
In Russia, the 1917 March revolution forced Czar Nicholas to step down from the Russian throne.
He abdicated his throne March 15, 1917 according to the western Gregorian calendar. It was March 2, 1917 in Russia according to the Julian calendar it used.
The last Czar of Russian Empire was Nicholas II
The last Tsar of Imperial Russia was Nicholas II of Russia, formerly known as Nikolay Alexandrovich Romanov. On March 22 1917, he was put under house arrest and later he and his family were executed under the Bolsheviks. It was presumed a true socialist revolution would be impossible if there was any legitimate claim to the throne.
I believe that the year there was a Russian Czar was March 15, 1917 when Nicolas the II abdicated the throne.
By 1922, the Russian socialist revolutionaries who had taken over Russia were known as "Communists." They had been the "Bolsheviks" until they held their Seventh Party Congress in March 1918 and adopted the name Communists. There had been other revolutionary parties, (one was the "Social Revolutionaries") besides the Bolsheviks, but the Bolsheviks were the only ones that survived until 1922.
Russia overthrew the Czar in the February Revolution of 1917. The actual date when Czar Nicholas II signed the letter abdicating his throne was March 2, 1917 according to the Russian calendar, March 15, 1917 according to the western world's calendar.
The Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin were the Russian revolutionaries that took control of the government in 1917. In March 1918, they changed their name to Communists.The Bolsheviks, later calling themselves Communists, were the Russian revolutionaries who took control of Russia in 1917.
Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was officially overthrown when he abdicated the throne on March15, 1917. His political power had effectively ended a few days before that, so the abdication was but a formality. This was probably done in a futile effort to save the lives of himself and his family. It was in vain however as he and all of his family were executed on July 17, 1918.
The new name 'Communists' was adopted by Bolsheviks at their Seventh Party Congress in March 1918. Note: The 'Bolsheviks' as a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party are not to be confused with another socialist party named 'Socialist Revolutionaries.' This question specifically uses the term "socialist revolutionaries," but it obviously does not mean the political party that was then known as the "Socialist Revolutionaries," because the "Socialist Revolutionaries", as well as all other political parties, were abolished by the Communists.
300 years of Tsarist rule ended in 1917 when Tsar Nicholas II abdicated in March after the first revolution in Russia in 1917. Although the Tsar abdicated in March, Russia was not taken over by the Communists until October 1917.