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A biosensor is an analytical device which converts a biological response into an electrical signal. The term 'biosensor' is often used to cover sensor devices used in order to determine the concentration of substances or other parameters of biological interest even where they do not utilise a biological system directly for example blood oxygen sats measurments taken by light absorbance measuments.
Answer
A biosensor is an analytical device which consists of 1) biologically sensitive element (frequently and enzyme or antibody). 2)a transducer to transform the signal into another form (eg colour change resulting from an enzyme reaction becomes an electrical signal) 3)An output device e.g. screen/printer.
Almost every dipstick test used by doctors and avalible at your chemist's can be considered a simple form of biosensor. Biosensors relying on colour changes are commonly avalible in the UK over the counter as pregnancy tests and cholesterol test strips the analytes being HCG and Total and/or HLD cholesterol depending on manufacturer.
Biosensors offer the potential for point of care testing as they can be portable and easy to use. The most sucessful biosensor to date is the glucose biosensor used be many diabetics to monitor blood glucose levels. The glucose biosensor is an amperometric device relying on the current generated when glucose oxidase reduces FAD to FADH2 and the resulting FADH2 is then oxidised by an electrode held at constant +ve voltage.
The glucose sensor is sucessful as there is a relativly large concentration of glucose in blood plasma, other biologically relevant analytes are not so abundant and amplification of the signal must be achieved. Amplification by carrier systems for electons and membrane bound electron transfer pathways are common research themes.
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What are the types of biosensors?
There are different types of biosensors based on different principles. However, generally they are categorized as: Optical biosensors Potentiometric biosensors Resonant Biosensors Thermal-detection Biosensors Ion-Sensitive Biosensors Electrochemical Biosensors Conductimetric Amperometric Potentiometric Calorimetric biosensors
When is it appropriate to use biosensors?
It is appropriate to use biosensors for pollution control or when one moves their eye. The biosensors control the movement in which the eye makes from one's nerves.
What has the author F Scheller written?
F. Scheller has written: 'Biosensoren' 'Biosensors' -- subject(s): Biosensors
What has the author M Todd Jarvis written?
M. Todd Jarvis has written: 'Biosensors' -- subject(s): Biosensors, Technology assessment
Can biosensors detect non-pathogens?
Biosensors can be made to detect almost anything. You could design a biosensor to detect a non-pathogenic bacteria but there would be few people who would want to buy it.
What has the author Thomas Scheper written?
Thomas Scheper has written: 'Bioanalytik' -- subject(s): Analysis, Biomolecules, Bioreactors, Biosensors
What has the author Richard F Taylor written?
Richard F. Taylor has written: 'Biosensors' -- subject(s): Biosensor industry, Market surveys
What has the author Tuan Vo-Dinh written?
Tuan Vo-Dinh has written: 'Advanced environmental, chemical, and biological sensing technologies V' -- subject(s): Environmental monitoring, Congresses, Biosensors, Detectors, Industrial applications, Chemical detectors 'Advanced environmental, chemical, and biological sensing technologies VII' -- subject(s): Environmental monitoring, Congresses, Biosensors, Detectors, Industrial applications, Chemical detectors 'Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine' 'Advanced environmental, chemical, and biological sensing technologies VI' -- subject(s): Environmental monitoring, Congresses, Biosensors, Detectors, Industrial applications, Chemical detectors 'Plasmonics in biology and medicine IX' -- subject(s): Instrumentation, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Methods, Biosensors, Congresses, Plasmons (Physics), Nanotechnology, Raman Spectrum Analysis 'Plasmonics in biology and medicine VI' -- subject(s): Biosensors, Congresses, Plasmons (Physics) 'Advanced biomedical and clinical diagnostic systems VI' -- subject(s): Spectrum Analysis, Technological innovations, Congresses, Diagnostic imaging, Diagnostic Imaging
Different types of sensors?
Sensors provide information to other parts of the machine. There are temperature, pressure, level, flow, biosensors, gas, and proximity sensors.
What has the author Roberto Andres written?
Roberto Andres has written: 'Development of fibre-optic biosensors based on immobilised enzymes and studies on their analytical applications'
What has the author V K Varadan written?
V. K. Varadan has written: 'Nanosensors and microsensors for bio-systems 2008' -- subject(s): Nanostructured materials, Nanotechnology, Congresses, Nanotubes, Detectors 'Nanosensors, biosensors, and info-tech sensors and systems 2010' -- subject(s): Nanostructured materials, Nanotechnology, Congresses, Nanotubes, Detectors 'Nanoscience and nanotechnology in engineering' -- subject(s): Nanotechnology, Nanotechnologie, Nanoscience 'Nanosensors, biosensors, and info-tech sensors and systems 2010' -- subject(s): Nanostructured materials, Nanotechnology, Congresses, Nanotubes, Detectors 'Nanosensors, biosensors, and info-tech sensors and systems 2009' -- subject(s): Nanostructured materials, Nanotechnology, Congresses, Nanotubes, Detectors
What has the author Ruth Shinar written?
Ruth Shinar has written: 'Organic semiconductors in sensors and bioelectronics III' -- subject(s): Bioelectronics, Organic semiconductors, Congresses, Biosensors, Detectors
