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The defining characteristic of FA is that they have only a finite number of states. Hence, a finite automata can only "count" (that is, maintain a counter, where different states correspond to different values of the counter) a finite number of input scenarios.

There is no finite automaton that recognizes these strings:

  • The set of binary strings consisting of an equal number of 1's and 0's
  • The set of strings over '(' and ')' that have "balanced" parentheses

The 'pumping lemma' can be used to prove that no such FA exists for these examples.

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Q: What are the limitations of finite automata?
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What is the difference between deterministic finite automata and non deterministic finite automata?

A deterministic Finite Automata)DFA will have a single possible output for a given input.The answer is deterministic because you can always feel what the output will be.A (Nondeterministic Finite Automata)NFA will have at least one input which will cause a "choice" to be made during a state transition,unlike a (deterministic Finite Automata)DFA one input can cause multiple outputs for a given (Nondeterministic Finite Automata)NFA.


Describe how lexical analyzer generators are used to translate regular expressions into deterministic finite automata?

Lexical analyzer generators translate regular expressions (the lexical analyzer definition) into finite automata (the lexical analyzer). For example, a lexical analyzer definition may specify a number of regular expressions describing different lexical forms (integer, string, identifier, comment, etc.). The lexical analyzer generator would then translate that definition into a program module that can use the deterministic finite automata to analyze text and split it into lexemes (tokens).


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What is the difference between automata and automaton?

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Difference between deterministic finite automaton and non deterministic finite automaton?

The state machine described in the previous section is a deterministic finite automaton, in which each state is unique. What would make a finite automaton nondeterministic is if each state was not. For the example, if the state machine allowed the input to have any letter as the second letter for the word "person" to transition to the next, then the next state would not be unique, making it a nondeterministic finite automaton.

Related questions

What is full form of DFA and NFA?

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What is the difference between deterministic finite automata and non deterministic finite automata?

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What is difference between finite state automaton and transition graph?

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