What is HTML and XHTML?

Answer 1

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It is a document format that structures text and data on the internet using elements. It is the most common language used for creating standard web pages. HTML elements are formed by tags, which, in a basic sense, are made up of a single word (or letter) enclosed by a lesser-than sign and a greater-than sign - respectively from left-to-right. For example: The body tag signifies the start of the content you want to display on a client's browser. To signify the end of an element, use an ending tag, which is just like a normal tag with a forward-slash before the tag name: All but few elements must be closed in HTML. Attributes can also be pushed into an element, allowing more options for that element alone. Some elements actually attributes that must be declared. The img tag is one of them; it displays in image, and requires a source URL - which you give as an attribute: "img" is the tag", and "src" is the attribute; it stands for "source." The equal sign that follows the attribute signifies that you are declaring its value; the value comes right afterwards. Most values are required to be enclosed in double-quote marks (") or single-quote marks ('); there is no difference between the two quote marks. XHTML stands for Extensible Hypertext Markup Language. It is a language that branches off of HTML, combining the use of XML syntax with HTML markup; all tags and attributes must be lowercase, all tags must be closed, and tags must be nested properly (as to not overlap one another in a shift). The requirements to comply with XHTML standards force the use of CSS in the place of specific tags to establish cross-browser compatibility on styles. These standards are issued by the W3C. XHTML is compatible with all (if not, most) modern browsers.