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What is a herbicide?

Updated: 10/9/2023
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10y ago

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A herbicide is a chemical (although could be any substance) that is phytotoxic to plant material.

In most cases herbicides are chemicals that are used in agriculture or horticulture to control aggressive plant species (such as weeds).

The can be divided into two broad categories: Selective and Non-selective.

Selective herbicides are ones that only work on certain types of plants, for example the most predominant group of selective herbicides target dicotyledonous plants, while leaving monocotyledonous plants relatively unscathed. A good example of this is that broadleaved weeds (mainly dicotyledonous plants), can effectively be killed in the middle of turf grass lawns - which are mostly monocotyledonous. MCPA based products are an example.

Non-selective herbicides kill all plant materials that they come into contact with mono or dicotyledonous (glyphosphate based products are an example).

Different herbicides have different mechanismsand actions and reactions which may cause the death of a plant, some disrupt metabolic functions within the cells, while others increase the metabolism and literally grow the plant to death.

If used correctly various types of salts can also be used as effective herbicides as they upset the osmotic potential surrounding the roots of plants and can cause them to dehydrate and die - although in most cases this does result in some "collateral damage" to surrounding plants.

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Herbicides are used to kill unwanted vegetation.

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