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Baking soda is made from pure sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO_3.

Baking powder is baking soda with one or more acid salts added, to generate CO2 when it comes into contact with liquid. It usually contains some starch, as well, to keep it from hardening. Most baking powder sold today is "double-acting", meaning it contains two acid salts:

  • Potassium bitartrate (cream of tartar) or monocalcium phosphate. These react with the baking soda as soon as the powder gets wet.
  • Sodium aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminum phosphate or sodium acid pyrophosphate. These react with the baking soda when the mixture is heated.

The combination of low-temperature and high-temperature acid salts ensures that CO2 is generated throughout the baking process, not just when the batter is first mixed. So, baking powder has least two, and usually three, active ingredients.

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13y ago
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14y ago
Early chemical leavening was accomplished by activating baking soda in the presence of liquid(s) and an acid such as sour milk, vinegar, lemon juice, or cream of tartar. These acidulants all react with baking soda quickly, meaning that retention of gas bubbles was dependent on batter viscosity and that it was critical for the batter to be baked before the gas escaped. The development of baking powder created a system where the gas-producing reactions could be delayed until needed.While various baking powders were sold in the first half of the 19th century, our modern variants were discovered by Alfred Bird. August Oetker, a German pharmacist, made baking powder very popular when he began selling his mixture to housewives. The same recipe he created in 1891 is still sold as Backin in Germany. Oetker started the mass production of baking powder in 1898 and patented his technique in 1903
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8y ago

Baking powder contains a combination of baking soda, an acid like cream of tartar and a moisture absorber like cornstarch.

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12y ago

acid salt, alkaline salt, baking soda, creem of tarter, calcium phosphate.

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8y ago

A baking powder is a dry leavening agent used in baking, a mixture of baking soda, an acid, and starch.

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