There are usually at least two detergents used to western blot. First, a strong detergent called sodium dodecyl sulfate is used to lyse cells and solublize cellular proteins. Second, a week detergent called Tween-20 is used for the wash steps to prevent non-specific binding of the antibodies.
If the EIA test is positive then the Western Blot Test is performed
Western blotting is a technique to detect specific proteins from a sample such as cell or tissue lysates. Western blot is a membrane (nitrocellulose or PVDF) on which the proteins are transferred for further analysis. Proteins on the blot are visualized by specific antibodies.
The western blot test
There are several different ways to confirm HIV infection. One of the most common confirmatory testing methods is by Western Blot. There is also a confirmatory test called ELISA.
There is only one test that can give the accurate results for HIV. The only test that can do this would be the Elisa test.
Western Blot and ELISA
16 kDa
145 kDa
I guess no one would have died by performing it. Western blot is not a dangerous technique that cause accident or induce cancer. It is just an analytic method to identify proteins.
If the Elisa was abnormal/inconclusive, the lab will do a Western blot. If that's positive for antibodies to HIV, it means you've been exposed. if the Western blot is negative, you're in the clear.
Negative result. Take the Western Blot to confirm. A non reactive HIV test is a negative HIV test. There is no reason to confirm this with a Western Blot. Western Blots are only used to confirm a positive ELISA.
Western blot can be semi-quantitative. This means that you cannot determine absolute protein levels, but you can detect differences between groups. For example, if you have 4 different samples, a western blot will be able to tell you which samples have the most of any specific cellular protein. Quantitation is usually perfomed using "densitometry software" such as NIH ImageJ.