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The Arabian Tectonic Plate borders the Eurasian Plate to the north, The African Plate to the South/West and The Indian Plate to the East.

The Arabian Plate was part of the African plate until the Oligocene Epoch of the Cenozoic Era. Since then the Arabian Plate has been slowly moving northward colliding with the Eurasian Plate. The collision between the Arabian Eurasian plated is elevating the Zagros Mountains located in Iran.

There are several fault zones within the Arabian Plate:

The Chaman Fault is a strike/slip zone along the Eurasian/Indian Plate. The Dead Sea Fault is a transform zone along the African Plate near the Red Sea Rift. The Afar Triangle (Danakil Depression) is complex zone located at the junction of three rift systems: Gulf of Aden, Red Sea, and East African Rifts. The salt beds of Dasht-e-Kavir is a large sedimentary basin that lies between the Elburz Mountains and the Lut Block at the northern edge of the Arabian Plate. The East Anatolian Fault is a transform fault which includes sections of the Euphrates River. The Herat fault, is a strike/slip zone in running laterally along the northern edge of Elburz Mountains and intersecting the Chaman fault plate boundary between the Indian and Eurasian plates at Kabul.

There is also a three prominent volcanoes along the southern edge of the Makran Mountain Range: The Kuh-e-Sultan (7654') in western Pakistan near the Afghanistan border. The Kuh-e-Taftan (12,930')and Kuh-e-Bazman (11,494') both in eastern Iran, near the southeastern edge of the Lut block.

So what is the Lut Block?

The Lut and Helmand Blocks are old continental crustal sections part of the Eurasian Plate before the Arabian Plate was created now forming the present day countries of Iran and Afghanistan. The region of the Makran Mountain Range through Iran and Pakistan bound both the southern edge of Helmand and Lut blocks o The Nayband fault zone defines western boundary of the Lut block. The Chaman fault zone, outlining the Arabian-Indian plate boundary also runs along the eastern edge of the Helmand block.

Another interesting aspect is the correlation between the Arabian Plate and the East African Rift. The East African Rift Zone as triple junction in the form of a Y shape of three tectonic plates that are pulling away from one another: the Arabian Plate and the African Plate which is splitting into two plates: The Nubian Plate and Somalian Plate.

Recommended citation: Image Science and Analysis Laboratory, NASA-Johnson Space Center. "The Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth." http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/handbooks/arabianpages/lut-title.htm. Accessed: 06/14/2010 12:36:33.

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Q: What is the fault line in the Middle East?
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