Petitioners are the Hazelwood School District in St. Louis County, Missouri; various school officials; Robert Eugene Reynolds, the principal of Hazelwood East High School; and Howard Emerson, a teacher in the school district. Respondents are three former Hazelwood East students who were staff members of Spectrum, the school newspaper. They contend that school officials violated their First Amendment rights by deleting two pages of articles from the May 13, 1983, issue of Spectrum.
Spectrum was written and edited by the Journalism II class at Hazelwood East. The newspaper was published every three weeks or so during the 1982-1983 school year. More than 4,500 copies of the newspaper were distributed during that year to students, school personnel, and members of the community.
The Board of Education allocated funds from its annual budget for the printing of Spectrum. These funds were supplemented by proceeds from sales of the newspaper. The printing expenses during the 1982-1983 school year totaled $4,668.50; revenue from sales was $1,166.84. The other costs associated with the newspaper - such as supplies, textbooks, 263*263 and a portion of the journalism teacher's salary - were borne entirely by the Board.
The Journalism II course was taught by Robert Stergos for most of the 1982-1983 academic year. Stergos left Hazelwood East to take a job in private industry on April 29, 1983, when the May 13 edition of Spectrum was nearing completion, and petitioner Emerson took his place as newspaper adviser for the remaining weeks of the term.
The practice at Hazelwood East during the spring 1983 semester was for the journalism teacher to submit page proofs of each Spectrum issue to Principal Reynolds for his review prior to publication. On May 10, Emerson delivered the proofs of the May 13 edition to Reynolds, who objected to two of the articles scheduled to appear in that edition. One of the stories described three Hazelwood East students' experiences with pregnancy; the other discussed the impact of divorce on students at the school.
in 1988
a student and the principal of the school
i dont realy no
The court encouraged students to write appropriate articles.
Google the following cases for a good overview of these issues: Tinker v. Des Moines Bethel v. Fraser Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
In the Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier case, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the school district, allowing them to censor school-sponsored publications if the content is reasonably related to legitimate educational concerns. This decision limited student First Amendment rights in the school setting.
The Supreme Court case that allowed schools to censor newspapers is Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier (1988). The court ruled that school administrations have the authority to exercise reasonable control over school-sponsored publications if they are part of the school curriculum and can be reasonably viewed as educational tools. This decision limited the First Amendment rights of student journalists in public schools.
In Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, 484 US 260 (1988), the Court held that public school newspapers not explicitly established as fora for student opinion enjoyed a lower level of First Amendment protection and could be censored by school officials. The Chief Justice during this case was William H. Rehnquist (1986-2005).
In the case of the Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the students of Hazelwood High School that were publishing a school-wide newspaper were subject to reviews and edits by public school officials. In other words, Principal Robert Reynolds had the right to omit the two pages from the newspaper that he deemed to be inappropriate for the school to view. The individual rights of Freedom of Speech of the students in the journalism class were not violated as forums for student expression were of a lower level of First Amendment protection than the protection of individual students and staff. Also because the newspaper was school-sponsored, those participating in it were subject to obligations by the sponsor (in this case Principal Robert Reynolds).
Baker won the case.
chapman won the supreme court case
Bakke won, he was accepted into the school.