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What role does the CPU Instruction Register IR play in the decoding of machine instructions?
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
The IR is a register constisting of two parts, opcode and address. The opcode is decoded and gives instructions to the control unit whilst the address part is used to give the location in the memory of for example data required for a certain process
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
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What refers to the process of translating an instruction into signals the computer can execute?
The process of translating instructions into signals the computer can execute has different names, depending on the type of instructions considered.In the end, the micro processor reads a pattern of (typically) 8, 16 or 32 binary signals forming one instruction (or part of one instruction). The micro processor's hardware decodes this pattern to execute the instruction. Characteristic for the decoding is that this is a predominantly hardware-controlled implicit process; no extra steps or tools are required. Decoding is an intrinsic part of every micro processor.The process of translating human-readable instructions of machine language into the aforementioned binary signals is called assembly, and uses a software tool called an Assembler to translate a human-readable form of a single machine instruction (and sequences of those) into (sequences of) patterns of binary signals, so-called machine instructions.Characteristic for the assembly translation is a one-to-one relationship between the human-readable form and the binary form of the same instruction. The set of instructions in this language is called the Assembly language, and is specific to each micro processor family, sometimes to each model within a given family.The process of translation instructions expressed in a higher-level language into machine instructions (sometimes translating into Assembly language as an intermediate step) is called compilation, using a tool called a Compiler.Characteristic for compilation is a 1-to-many relationship between the high-level language instruction and the corresponding machine instructions.
What is the Difference between machine op and pseudo op?
A pseudo-op is an assembly language instruction that specifies an operation of the assembler i.e about the base register & its contents e.g. USING instruction. On the other hand, a machine-op instruction. That represents a machine instruction to the assembler e.g. BR instruction is a machine-op instruction
What is pseudo instructions?
A pseudo-instruction doesn't actually exist in the instruction set of a processor. A pseudo-instruction will be a convenient single name for one or more actual instructions. A common example is the unconditional jump instruction. Normally the syntax for this instruction would be: jmp address ...but the assembler might actually translate that into: cmp t0 r0 r0 jmp t0 address Which is basically checking to see if the zero register is equal to the zero register, and if so jump. Since this will always be true, it will always jump.
Does anyone have instructions for hobby girl knitting machine?
I have the instruction book!
One instruction in high level language corresponds to one instruction in machine language?
No. Generally, one instruction in a high level language corresponds to many instructions in machine language.
How many machine cycles do one byte instructions have?
Depending on the particular microprocessor, a machine cycle is the fetch or store of one (typically, one byte) native word. In the 8085, this is a byte fetch or store, plus the overhead in decoding and processing the instruction. In this case, the first machine cycle is four clock cycles, or T states, and subsequent machine cycles are three clock cycles, although certain instruction sequences, such as DAD, require two extra clock cycles.
Draw and explain the bloack Daigram of Von Neumann machine?
Block diagram of the von Neumann architecture: MQ, multiplier quotient register; IR, instruction register; IBR, instruction buffer register; MAR, memory address register; MDR, memory data register
Why is assembly language considered easier for humans to program than machine language?
Assembly is signficantly shorter and easier to remember than the equivilant machine instructions. Assembly instructions are human readable characters, for which a direct translation exists to the binary machine code instructions. Pseudo example: add <- assembly instruction 1010101010 <- machine instruction
What is the difference between machine instruction format and micro instruction format?
Micro instrutionA single instruction in microcode. It is the most elementary instruction in the computer, such as moving the contents of a register to the arithmetic logic unit (ALU). It takes several microinstructions to carry out one complex machine instruction (CISC). Also called a "micro-op" or "µop," microinstructions differ within the same computer family and even the same vendor. For example, although all are x86 chips, the microcode for Intel's Pentium 4, Pentium M and AMD's Athlon are not the same. The software programmer never sees microinstructions, and they are not documented for the public.Machine code - simple instructions that are executed directly by the CPU.In other words, it takes many micro instructions to make a machine code. Micro Instructions work with the ALU wheras Machine Code works directly with the CPU
What Buffer register saves the instruction?
It is employed to hold temporarily the right hand instruction from a word in memory.. For example, The IAS machine's basic unit of information was a 40-bit, so that two instructions could be stored in each 40-bit memory location. Each instruction consisted of an 8-bit {operation code} and a 12-bit address. Hence the IBR (Instruction Buffer Register) is used to temporarily hold Right hand instruction for the next use.
What is instruction buffer register?
It is employed to hold temporarily the right hand instruction from a word in memory.. For example, The IAS machine's basic unit of information was a 40-bit, so that two instructions could be stored in each 40-bit memory location. Each instruction consisted of an 8-bit {operation code} and a 12-bit address. Hence the IBR (Instruction Buffer Register) is used to temporarily hold Right hand instruction for the next use.
How many bits are needed within a machine code instruction to select a single register in a machine with 16 general registers?
4
